10Īlveolar ventilation (a product of respiratory rate and tidal volume) is normally carefully controlled by the actions of central and peripheral chemoreceptors and lung receptors. These patients could have been identified as high risk up to 24 hours before the event with a specificity of over 95%. 8 In another study, just over half of all patients suffering a serious adverse event on the general wards (such as a cardiac arrest or ICU admission) had a respiratory rate greater than 24 breaths/minute. 8 Those with a higher respiratory rate had an even higher mortality rate. 9 Goldhill and colleagues reported that 21% of ward patients with a respiratory rate of 25–29 breaths/minute assessed by a critical care outreach service died in hospital. 7 Subbe and colleagues found that, in unstable patients, relative changes in respiratory rate were much greater than changes in heart rate or systolic blood pressure, and thus that the respiratory rate was likely to be a better means of discriminating between stable patients and patients at risk. In 1993, Fieselmann and colleagues reported that a respiratory rate higher than 27 breaths/minute was the most important predictor of cardiac arrest in hospital wards. Respiratory rate as an indicator of serious illness Statistics,epidemiology and research design.Statistics, epidemiology and research design.
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